Volume 5, Number 23; March 07, 2006
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Volume 5, Number 23; March 07, 2006 |
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Austrian's Syndrome
Recommended reading:
Pneumococcal endocarditis, meningitis, and rupture of the aortic valve.
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Patient:
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Session Handout:
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Clinical Question: 1) What is Austrian's Syndrome [Osler's Triad]?
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Readings:
Link Directly to Fulltext Article at Science Direct <9> Unique Identifier [PMID]: 10451005 Authors: Taylor SN. Sanders CV. Institution: Louisiana State University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, New Orleans 70112, USA. Title: Unusual manifestations of invasive pneumococcal infection. [Review] [286 refs]
Source: American Journal of Medicine. 107(1A):12S-27S, 1999 Jul 26. Abstract: Unusual pneumococcal infections occurred frequently in the preantibiotic age but rapidly declined with the advent of the antibiotic era. Unfortunately, the morbidity and mortality associated with invasive pneumococcal disease remain high despite antibiotic therapy and monumental advances in medical technology. The incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease has increased recently because of the onset of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pneumococcus. Robert Austrian described the clinical triad of pneumococcal pneumonia, meningitis, and endocarditis, a syndrome that now bears his name. Although seen infrequently today, unusual manifestations of pneumococcal infection such as those Austrian reported still occur. A review of these cases is warranted because, as drug-resistant organisms continue to emerge worldwide, more unusual pneumococcal infections will be seen. Streptococcus pneumoniae is responsible for a remarkable array of disease processes; our literature review uncovered 95 different types of unusual pneumococcal infections representing 2,064 cases. Examples of these infections included pancreatic and liver abscesses, aortitis, gingival lesions, phlegmonous gastritis, inguinal adenitis, testicular and tubo-ovarian abscesses, and necrotizing fasciitis. We also reviewed predisposing underlying illnesses and conditions. Alcoholism, HIV infection, splenectomy, connective tissue disease, steroid use, diabetes mellitus, and intravenous drug use remain common risk factors for invasive pneumococcal infections. Currently, multidrug-resistant S. pneumoniae remains susceptible to vancomycin and several new third-generation fluoroquinolones. As what some fear will be a possible postantibiotic era approaches, clinicians must be able to recognize and manage unusual pneumococcal infections. [References: 286] Publication Type: Journal Article. Review.
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Unique Identifier [PMID]: 13410159 Authors: AUSTRIAN R. Title: Pneumococcal endocarditis, meningitis, and rupture of the aortic valve.
Source: A.M.A. Archives of Internal Medicine. 99(4):539-44, 1957 Apr.
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Resident Report / Department of Medicine & Grady Branch Library Emory University School of Medicine 2005 Edition Participating Faculty: Carlos Del Rio MD / Joyce Doyle MD / Lorenzo Difrancesco MD / Erich Folch MD / Alicia Hidron MD
Contact:
Karl Woodworth
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